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Electrode line : ウィキペディア英語版
Electrode line

An electrode line is used in some high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) power transmission systems which use the ground or sea as the return path for electric current. Many long-distance HVDC systems use sea or ground return for the DC neutral current since this is considerably cheaper than providing a dedicated ''metallic return'' conductor on an overhead wire or cable.
==Ground connection==
The connection into the ground requires a specially designed ''ground electrode'' (or ''earth electrode'').〔Arrillaga, Jos; High Voltage Direct Current Transmission, second edition, Institution of Electrical Engineers, ISBN 0 85296 941 4, 1998, pp190–192.〕〔Kimbark, E.W., Direct current transmission, volume 1, Wiley Interscience, 1971, chapter 9.〕 The electrode is usually located several tens of kilometres from the converter station in order to avoid possible problems or corrosion in the converter station grounding system. The electrode line connects the converter station to the grounding electrode. The electrode line can be implemented, depending upon the situation of the electrode (onshore or in the sea), as ground cables, as overhead line, or as a combination of ground cable and overhead line.

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